“[My Topic] and the role of the state”

 Idea

            Outsourcing falls under the issue of economical issues when addressed from the state perspective. It’s obviously undeniable that the issue of outsourcing also effect other regions such public image of  a nation, national relations of the states, and  general moral of the state as a whole.  An obvious example is the close relationship between the United States and China as a result of the large amount of money invested by many American cooperation. US Policy Considerations – China, Taiwan, and the Pacific Rim  by Rebecca Jimerson, Lawrence Cooper , and Corinne Contant at the George Washington University does a great job identifying the dual threat of China.

             

Action

            One of the most effective actions that can be taken by nation to prevent or stimulate trends of outsourcing is to impose sanctions. Sanction will allow the nation to control the amount of product that is imported and exported based on the amount of taxes and tariffs. However, the effects of sanctioning have to be weight especially carefully. The relations of state  A with state B  very fragile and sensitive when discussing altering the effectiveness of the other nations economy.  If major companies in state A though it be cost-effective, and lucrative to export their production site, and telecommunication to foreign countries such as state B. The reaction of state B would be to seek out those major investors expand their opportunity to invest money in their nation due to the positive effect the new investment has toward state B rising economy.

A real life example is the amount of many outsourcing industries are over sees currently in America. The new and modernized economy of the America is globalized and extends its reach beyond just their allies. The reference to allies is a direct indication that China one of the largest , if not the larges trading of the America does not uphold the human rights, and freedom of speech –that characterize the two top moral values of America.

A Diffrent Aspect-

            Outsourcing might be a positive for a benefit for the America industry that is maximizing the amounted of production while decreasing their cost, but is it worth it for the China.  The economical leaps made by China due to foreign investment can not be ignored, however does China want to be become the working backwater of the world. The effect of pollution will eventfully become a concern when it reaches the point where living conditions catch up to the world such as America. What will the reaction of China be to outsourcing of American jobs when they realize the fact that America is actually taking advantage of their poor living conditions? It might not make be apparent but the cost of outsourcing is not taken by American’s as a result of the benefits for the nature of the state, but cost. The economist would see nothing besides the $$$, however how long will America be able to afford to outsource their work and still be able to a healthy amount of money back into the economy.

 Is America run dry out their economy due the industries large amount of outsourcing? My personally opinion is that America will be forced to either reconsider their tactics of monitoring the economy. Or the onset of World War III will help America either relapse into the WWII economical power it used to be or fall like England into the pit of an old legacy that surpassed their prime.

What the Simpsons Think of This……

The International System and Outsourcing

A system is an assemblage of units, objects, or parts united by some form of regular interaction. The concept of the international system is viewed differently by liberals, realists, radicals and constructivists.

- Liberals have three main conceptions of the international system

1. Views it not as a structure but as a process
2. View that international system as an international society or community
3. View that the international system is anarchic, can produce positive outcomes

-Realists view of the international system revolves around anarchy and state interests. In addition, these states focus on the polarity of the international system because of its focus on power.

-Radicals view the international system according to stratification, where the system is broken into three different strata’s: developed countries, partly developed countries and developing countries. The crippling stratification in the internationals system is caused by capitalism.

-Constructivists analyze the changes in the international system 

Liberal International System and outsourcing

liberal view the International system as a process. through this process the actor interact with each other and they learn from these interactions, and many national interest define the liberal international system. in the case of outsourcing the economic interest of the countries would be considered in the international system. multinational corporation are trying to benefit by providing lower cost products and developing countries are trying to benefit from the increase in the job market in their country. In addition, anarchy plays a role in outsourcing in the liberal international system. however, liberals believe that this economic interaction between  the countries can be positive.

Realist International system and Outsourcing

The international system according to realists revolves around anarchy. they believe that there is no higher authority regulating the actions of the countries in the system. however realist would assume that outsourcing is an action of the state that is not controlled by anything therefore they shape the system. However, neorealist believe that states are controlled by the system. Therefore, the would believe that outsourcing results from the United States needing to find cheaper production cost and this has lead to outsourcing.

Radical International System

The radical view of the international system is based of stratification. Radicals would view outsourcing as the exploitation of the developing countries such as china and India by the developed country of the united states. In addition, they would argue that this exploitation is due to the capitalist system because the it has forced companies to outsource.

 Constructivist International System

Consructivists would view outsourcing as one medium through which the international system is evolving. The world is becoming more globalized and outsourcing is just one aspect of the globalization that is taking place between countries and multinational corporations.

“[My topic] and international relations theory.”

The International Relation Theory itself can be interpreted in four different way by the four different ways of liberalism, realism , radicalism (Marxism), and constructivism. In order to approach this post more accurately we will first identify the four different interpretations of the IRT by each schools of though, and then comment on their perspectives in regards to our topic which is the outsourcing of jobs. Our level of analysis will be limited to the state and the type of economical system for the sake of our argument.   Liberalism/ Neo liberalism has three different ideas of IRT.

1.        The first idea of IRT is that it is a process very similar to a structure, according to Robert Keohane & Joseph Nye, which have interdependent with other nations and share a sensitive ration.

2.        The second perspective of lRT is the “English International Socity’s” which were proposed by Hardley Ball and Adam Watson. They believed that international politics was made out do international society’s that believed in “we-ness”, shared common rules and interest.

3.        The third and final perspective of IRT in liberalism is neoliberals that believe that each state is an anarchic state that acts for its self interest only.    

Liberal Opinion on Outsourcing:  Considering that liberals believe welcome change in the international system and believe that the change is a result of technological development. However, one of their issue of importance is to put the national economy over the national security due to agenda prioritizations.                 

The liberals would look at outsourcing of American jobs to foreign countries as a danger to the American economy. Taking jobs out of one economy and putting it into another will not only drow back on the American economy, but will also force more interdependent between nations slowly depreciate the economy. Although, outsourcing does allows a company to maximize their gains by exploiting undeveloped countries for cheap labor it takes away from potential American who would have reinvested their earning in their own Economy. What outsourcing does to America is take a way a large number of investor by its own citizens, and allows other countries such as India, Thailand profit of America. Liberalist importance of issues would force them to reconsider outsourcing and putting limitation on how much outsourcing is acceptable, because of they would fear potential economical it could bring upon the American economy.  

Realist: Outsourcing  International System is based on anarchy with a self help mentality; all nations have to struggle for power.  Taking those two point brought up in class it is easy to assume that the realist would look at the outsourcing issue with a high level of alert due to the potential that it has to hurt the national interest. The base line statement that can summarize the perspective approached by realist is as following:  

Outsourcing American Jobs = less economical spending by the citizens = economical spending down  

Power of American Economy – , Other Nations + India, Thailand, Vietnam, China, and Mexico

  Value of the Dollars Decreases = Value of Rupee, Baht, Dong, Renminbi, and Pecos    

Radical / Marxism: Outsourcing  Radical values are based on two different perspectives which are stratification and polarity. Both of these theories are based on the idea that power can divide and separate nations based on their economical and political power. Personally I don’t really think that radicals really would argue for a certain specific point on outsourcing due to their nature of approach to things. It’s easy to characterize a radical by the revolutionary change that they want to impose on the system. Outsourcing to radicals would seem a break of the pattern because in the Marxist approach that they view things the outsourcing of jobs is a plus for the bourgeoisie, yet not so good for the proletarian whose labor is being replaced.  On an international system level radicals think in terms of exploiting and in order to archive best means of production. Yet , one of the most important questions that radical will have to ask themselves is whether the collapse of the American Economy is worth the high yield of efficiency that exploiting jobs will archive.  

Constructivist: Outsourcing The constructivist perspective for looks at issues with a more in-depth analysis compared to the other ways of though. One of the interesting things about constructivism is that into opinion and socials norms into consideration when making a decision. On a brought state level constructivist believe that state change their perspective and ideas based on the modern day event and situation in modern day politics. 

Outsourcing would be a common day trend in constructivist perspective because of the high popularity in the modern economy. Yet constructivist would not be trapped in the idea that outsourcing is the new trend for there are also idealists that are self-conscious of decision that they make. Therefore, I believe the conservatives would take into consideration the effect of outsourcing American jobs to foreign countries on how much is too much?